GLOSSARY HOSTING & DOMAINS

Two hard disks are mirrored and contain the same data. If one of the hard disks fails, the other one automatically takes its place.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a protocol for file transfer over the Internet. Anonymous FTP allows using FTP without authentication, meaning users can use the FTP service anonymously without entering a username and password. This type of anonymous FTP connection is suitable, for example, for downloading programs to offer to visitors of a website.

With Application Hosting, an application runs on a host at a provider, and only the results are transmitted to the user.

1. Application Service Providing → see Application Hosting. 2. Active Server Pages is a scripting language based on Microsoft → see PHP.

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) enables seamless connection between LAN and WAN. ATM supports advanced multimedia applications and ensures improved communication, on-demand bandwidth for all applications, and simultaneous transfer of voice, video, and other data.

This email account automatically sends a predefined response to the sender's address upon receiving an email.

An Internet Backbone represents the main connection path in an Internet provider, to which all customers are connected through the internal data network.

The beta version of a product is temporarily released for testing purposes only. Beta versions have not completed the quality control process yet.

This email system receives all incoming emails, regardless of whether they can be assigned to a person (POP3, Autoresponder, Forwarder). In CatchAll-E-Mail systems, no email is lost even if a mailbox is not configured.

In this directory, CGI scripts (e.g., Perl scripts) are stored. At InterNetX, generic scripts (developed by us, our partners, and resellers) are stored in the CGI-BIN directory.

In the CGI-Local directory, customers can install their own scripts → see also the CGI-BIN directory.

Special hardware used by providers to connect and manage network traffic between different networks, verifying the destinations of individual data packets and routing them to their destination through other routers. A computer or special program that handles routing between networks. The manufacturer CISCO, whose hardware technology is used by InterNetX, is a market leader in this sector.

Refers to a block of 256 consecutive IP addresses, for example, from 213.160.64.0 to 213.160.64.255, etc.

This is the abbreviation for the top-level domains (TLDs) ".COM", ".NET", and ".ORG".

A vast collection of free Perl software and documentation.

This software configures a dial-in connection to the Internet.

1. Level of computer system utilization on which a web server is running. InterNetX scales its systems to always have sufficient CPU resources to ensure optimal speed for all servers. 2. CORE is a registrar through which top-level domains (TLDs) can be registered and managed.

This is a Perl module that can be included in a Perl script and performs specific functions within that environment. Some commonly used modules include Net::Telnet or database access modules like DBD::Sybase. The repository from which Perl modules can be obtained is called CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network).

Refers to the level of computer system utilization on which a web server is running. InterNetX scales its systems to always have sufficient CPU reserves to ensure optimal speed for all servers.

This DAT Streamer system refers to a high-capacity backup device that uses Digital Audio Tape (DAT) cassettes to store and retrieve data.

This describes a default forwarding of incoming emails that cannot be associated with any account → see Catch-All-E-Mail.

See Default-Forwarder and Catch-All-E-Mail.

DENIC eG is the German registration authority through which .DE domains can be ordered and managed.

This software package includes, in addition to the product itself, additional materials such as documentation, administration guides, and support tools.

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into IP addresses. In Internet communications, domain names are used instead of IP addresses for better understanding. However, technically, the Internet relies on numerical IP addresses. Before accessing a domain using the domain name, it must be converted to the corresponding IP address. DNS is a separate network. If a name server cannot resolve a domain name, it requests information from higher-level name servers until it obtains the correct IP address. If none of the higher-level name servers return the correct IP address, an error message is displayed.

Another Internet provider.

This system (computer, server) is equipped with two processors.

E-commerce refers to conducting business processes (commercial) on the Internet. This general term includes all forms of commercial use of the Internet, from email to fully automated online stores.

This describes the forwarding of an incoming email to another email address → also see Default Forwarder.

This function protects the (sub)directories of a website with a user ID and password. This is an internal term of the company. At InterNetX, this function can be configured via the control panel.

Frame Relay is a connection-oriented transmission method that transfers information in the form of variable-length message blocks. These blocks are called "frames." The Frame Relay technology (abbreviated FR) allows flexible data transfer services tailored to the customer's bandwidth needs. The network operator provides the necessary transmission capabilities on demand.

This term refers to the server-side extension for using special functions of Microsoft software "Frontpage." Without installed Frontpage extensions, Frontpage's special functions cannot be executed on the server side.

This is FTP access with a user ID and password. Unlike anonymous FTP, the user with an FTP account has personal access rights.

Product name of a special switch from the company 3Com.

This is a NIC-Handle database key that can be used to access further information about the stored object. Objects may contain personal data, domain information, or nameserver specifications. The management and structure of handles vary depending on the registration entity.

This term refers to a quick, generally untested or only superficially tested, release provided as individual distribution files, patches, or beta versions to fix a critical and serious error in a distribution.

This is a backup system. If a hard disk fails, it is replaced during operation with a spare (HDD = High Disc Drive).

The Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) according to RFC 1730 is a specification for client-side manipulation of a remote mailbox. IMAP defines methods to create, delete, and rename a mailbox, as well as to check for the presence of new messages. Additionally, IMAP allows selective loading of (parts of) an email.

This option allows access to databases via the web server. 1. ODBC = Open Database Connectivity is an interface developed by Microsoft that allows clients to access SQL, Access, and other databases. 2. SQL = Structured Query Language is a standardized query language for database management systems (DBMS). An SQL server allows interaction with the DBMS by a client.

IP = Internet Protocol. IP defines the structure and addressing of data packets in TCP/IP networks. For example, an IP address defines a specific computer on the network or on the Internet → also see DNS.

IP routing refers to the transfer of data within a network using a specified path in the data header (passive routing) or determining the shortest, fastest, cheapest, or preferred route (active routing) from maps.

Java is an object-oriented programming language. Source files are translated into platform-independent bytecode using a compiler. This bytecode can be executed on any platform with an appropriate interpreter. As a result, Java programs can run on all computer platforms for which a suitable interpreter exists.

Category 5 connectivity allows data transfer speeds of up to 100 Mbit/s but usually only within a corporate network. Cat-5 connection requires high-performance links.

Coordination of Connectivity (abbreviated KK) is the process of transferring a domain, specific to Denic.

The TITLE tag is an element of the HTML programming language that defines the name of a page. Together with specific meta tags, which contain information about the page, TITLE is used for indexing on search engines.

This specific Microsoft communication software is often used by businesses. MS Exchange typically serves as the communication server, and MS Outlook functions as the client.

Multiple domains can point to the same IP.

This is a specific denomination by DENIC. Usually, for domain names, two name servers must be present for a domain to be resolved to a specific IP. In MX-Only domains, DENIC's name servers are used. Here, a maximum of 5 records is possible, for example: > name.de > www.name.de > mail.name.de > ftp.name.de > smtp.name.de

MX = Mail-Exchange. The priority of the MX record indicates which mail server is primarily responsible for processing emails.

This is not an actual name server but only describes the possibility of calling a specific name server using different domain names. A nameserver-alias does not have its own IP.

This means: Nameserver entry for a domain; for InterNetX, for example: InterNetX, www.InterNetX, ftp.InterNetX, mail.InterNetX, smtp.InterNetX, partner.InterNetX.

Payment systems on the Internet, for example, via credit card.

This scripting language is implemented on many platforms. It is mainly used to implement job control programs on UNIX. It is a batch scripting language. Many CGI programs are written in Perl.

PHP is a scripting language that allows the creation of server-side applications, among other things.

This refers to a physical server system with tangible computers, as opposed to virtual servers that share a computing system. InterNetX offers hosting and housing of physical servers, which can be extremely flexibly adapted to the operator's needs.

Post Office Protocol, version 3: a standard for transporting emails from the mail server to the email client (e.g., your email program). The user must authenticate with the server using a username and password. The SMTP protocol is responsible for sending emails.

This is the name of an interface or connection.

The processing system handles payment data and sends it to the authorized entity for banking transactions → see also Payment.

A processor is the main component of every computer → see also CPU.

Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks or Redundant Array of Independent Disks refers to a module of multiple hard disks used for servers. Using an ECC system, the loss of one hard disk can be managed without data loss. V = Special version of RAID.

Redirection = Redirection (e.g., for domains)

With Reverse Lookup, the domain name of an IP address is determined. Many domain names can point to an IP address, but an IP address can only resolve to one domain name. For example, all domains XY point to the IP address 62.104.62.104. However, if you consider the name of the IP address 62.104.62.104, it resolves to mx-01.xy.de. This process of associating an IP address with a specific domain name is called Reverse Lookup. It "checks" which domain name is associated with the IP address.

This server can execute Perl, ASP, or PHP scripts, for example.

English = Configuration

This is the name given to the software used to represent online shops.

See Default-Forwarder and Catch-All-E-Mail.

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a message transfer protocol according to the RFC 821 standard. It was designed specifically for email exchange and is now the standard protocol on the Internet for this purpose. SMTP defines how two email systems interact and how control messages must appear. A special form is batch SMTP. In this case, SMTP control messages are stored along with emails in a single file, which is then transferred and disassembled again at the destination system. SMTP is usually implemented in the Mail Transfer Agent (MTA, a program for email distribution). SMTP messages consist of a header that must contain at least the sender's and recipient's identifiers, and the actual message. SMTP messages consist of 7-bit ASCII characters, while ESMTP transfers 8-bit characters.

The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol is a method for secure transmission of encrypted data over the Internet. It can be used on the web, as well as FTP, Telnet, email, and other forms of communication. Major web browsers (Netscape Communicator, MS Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, etc.) support the SSL standard. It allows a secure connection between the web server and the web browser and also provides server identification, i.e., the recipient of the data, through digital certificates (digital signature).

Manual / Reference

Feature, strength of an application

Traffic = Number of page accesses that can be measured with a counter. Commercial websites must demonstrate high traffic to attract advertising advertisers.

You can update your pages without limitations.

The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a uniform addressing system used throughout the web that makes all elements of a home page (text, graphics, sounds, etc.) stored on a web server accessible. When referring to a web address, it is generally meant to be a URL.

If the required data volume exceeds the contractually agreed quantity, it is possible to easily increase the provided resources.

This is a nameserver that shares a physical server (a computer with DNS software) with several other nameservers, but unlike a nameserver alias, it has its own IP address. It can, therefore, perform Reverse Lookup. For .COM, .NET, .ORG domains, a Reverse Lookup is always performed to check if the specified IP address also returns the specified nameserver's name.

Multiple accounts of virtual web servers are configured on a physical computer.